Let’s see how you did! If you didn’t get a few of these, don’t let it stress you out – it just means you need to play with more experiments in this area. We’re all works in progress, and we have our entire lifetime to puzzle together the mysteries of the universe!
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Answers:
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1. What is the overall purpose of the cardiovascular system? to move blood to the various parts of the body
2. How could body temperature be affected if someone has poor circulation? the body would not be able to heat up or cool down to the ideal temperature
3. What are the four parts of blood? plasma, platelets, RBC’s, WBC’s
4. Sickle-cell anemia is a disease in which RBC’s cannot carry hemoglobin properly. What could happen to a person who has sickle-cell anemia? Oxygen would not get to the organs of the body.
5. What protein give’s RBC’s their red color? hemoglobin
6. What would happen to a person with too few WBC’s? they would have a weak immune system and could more easily get diseases
7. Hemophilia is a disease in which platelets do not work properly. What could happen to someone who has hemophilia? their blood would not clot when they got minor cuts and scrapes
8. Why do arteries have thick walls? because the blood in them is under high pressure
9. Why do veins have valves? to keep the blood from flowing backwards
10. Name the four chambers of the heart. right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
11. Where does the pulmonary artery start? Where does it lead? it starts at the heart and leads to the lungs
12. What is the difference between oxygen-rich and oxygen poor blood? oxygen-rich blood has oxygen and oxygen-poor blood has very little
13. What happens to blood in the lungs? it gets oxygen
14. What is the name of the only vein that carries oxygen poor blood? pulmonary vein
15. Which chamber of the heart does blood enter after leaving the pulmonary vein? left atrium
16. In which blood vessel does oxygen transfer happen? capillaries
17. Where do the superior and inferior vena cava lead? the right atrium of the heart
18. Which organ gets blood from the coronary artery? heart
19. What is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure? systolic is the highest blood pressure; diastolic is the lowest
20. How can hypertension be treated? improved diet, increased exercise, or medication
21. When can atherosclerosis cause a heart attack? when a coronary artery becomes completely blocked
22. What happens if blood vessels leading to the brain are blocked? a stroke
23. What are three benefits of not smoking related to the cardiovascular system decreased risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and stroke
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